The biggest hurdle is typically regrouping (or borrowing) when subtracting larger numbers—for example, solving 32 - 15 requires understanding place value deeply. Students also struggle with word problems that require them to identify when subtraction is the right operation, and some have difficulty keeping track of negative numbers. Personalized tutoring helps identify exactly where a student gets stuck and builds confidence through targeted practice.

The first session focuses on understanding where your student currently stands. A tutor will work through a few subtraction problems to identify specific strengths and gaps—whether it's basic facts, regrouping, or applying subtraction to real-world scenarios. This assessment guides the tutoring plan, ensuring instruction targets exactly what your student needs to progress.

Effective approaches include using concrete manipulatives (blocks, counters), visual models (number lines, ten frames), and multiple strategies for solving the same problem. Some students benefit from the "count up" method rather than traditional regrouping, while others respond well to understanding subtraction as "finding the difference." Expert tutors adapt their approach based on how your student learns best.

Fluency typically develops through consistent, spaced practice over time—not cramming. Most students benefit from 15-20 minutes of focused subtraction practice several times a week, combined with real-world applications like making change or measuring. Personalized tutoring ensures practice is targeted to areas where your student needs the most support, making study time more efficient.

Negative numbers typically appear in upper elementary or middle school math, and subtraction with negatives (like 5 - (-3)) can be confusing because it requires understanding both the operation and negative values. Visual models like number lines extending below zero help make this concrete. Tutors can bridge this gap by connecting it to familiar subtraction concepts before introducing the added complexity of negative numbers.

Progress shows up in multiple ways: improved speed on basic facts, ability to solve multi-digit subtraction without errors, and confidence tackling word problems. Many tutors use pre- and post-assessments to measure growth, and you'll notice your student becoming more willing to attempt harder problems. Regular communication with your tutor helps you understand what skills are developing and where continued focus is needed.

Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors in Richmond who specialize in elementary math and subtraction. You'll be matched based on your student's grade level, learning style, and specific needs—whether they're building foundational skills or catching up after falling behind. The process is straightforward: share what you're looking for, and we'll connect you with a tutor ready to help your student succeed.