The biggest hurdle is regrouping, where students often forget to reduce the top digit or misunderstand why it's necessary. Many students also struggle with the abstract nature of subtraction compared to addition—it's harder to visualize "taking away" than "putting together." Additionally, students sometimes confuse the order of numbers (subtracting the larger from the smaller) or rush through problems without checking their work, leading to careless errors that compound over time.

Personalized 1-on-1 instruction allows tutors to identify exactly where a student is getting stuck—whether it's the concept itself, the regrouping process, or just building confidence. Tutors can use multiple strategies and visual tools tailored to how your child learns best, breaking down complex problems into manageable steps. This focused approach helps students move from confusion to mastery much faster than classroom instruction alone, where teachers must pace lessons for 20+ students.

Formal subtraction instruction usually begins in kindergarten and first grade with simple "take away" problems using small numbers (0-10). In second and third grade, students expand to two-digit subtraction and learn regrouping strategies. By fourth grade and beyond, subtraction becomes a tool for solving word problems and more complex math concepts. However, many students benefit from review and reinforcement at any grade level if gaps in understanding exist.

During an initial session, tutors typically assess your child's current understanding—what they can do independently, where they hesitate, and what misconceptions might be present. They'll ask questions, observe problem-solving approaches, and get to know your child's learning style. From there, tutors create a personalized plan targeting specific gaps, whether that's building foundational concepts, mastering regrouping, or gaining confidence with timed drills.

Consistent, focused practice with immediate feedback is key—students benefit from working on a few problems daily rather than cramming. Using manipulatives (blocks, counters, number lines) helps make subtraction concrete before moving to abstract symbols. Mixing problem types (with and without regrouping, different number ranges) prevents students from relying on patterns instead of understanding. Tutors often recommend spacing practice over time and celebrating small wins to build confidence and reduce math anxiety.

Tucson's 67 school districts follow Arizona's state standards for math, which emphasize both procedural fluency and conceptual understanding of subtraction. With an average student-teacher ratio of 15.2:1 across the district's 427 schools, individual students may not always get the extra practice or personalized attention needed to master subtraction. Connecting with a tutor can fill that gap, ensuring your child keeps pace with grade-level expectations while building a strong foundation for future math success.

Consider tutoring if your child consistently struggles with subtraction facts, avoids math problems, takes significantly longer than peers to complete assignments, or shows anxiety around math. If they're mixing up concepts (like always forgetting to regroup) or falling behind in other math areas that depend on subtraction skills, early intervention helps prevent frustration from building. Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who can assess whether your child needs targeted support and create a plan to build confidence.