Many students struggle with regrouping—the process of borrowing from the tens place when the ones digit isn't large enough. Others have gaps in their subtraction facts fluency, which slows down their problem-solving. Some students also find word problems confusing because they need to identify which operation to use. Additionally, students sometimes reverse digits or lose track of place value. Personalized 1-on-1 instruction helps tutors pinpoint exactly where your child's understanding breaks down and address those specific gaps.

In Massachusetts, subtraction is introduced in kindergarten with small numbers and concrete objects, then progressively builds through elementary grades. By 1st grade, students work with numbers up to 20; by 2nd grade, they tackle two-digit subtraction with regrouping; and by 3rd grade, they apply subtraction to larger numbers and multi-step word problems. Springfield's eight school districts follow Massachusetts standards, though pacing may vary slightly by school. A tutor familiar with your child's grade level and school can ensure instruction aligns with classroom expectations while filling any gaps.

Fluency in subtraction facts—knowing answers automatically without counting on fingers—is foundational for higher math. Without it, students waste mental energy on basic calculations and struggle to tackle word problems, multi-digit operations, and eventually algebra. Research in learning science shows that automaticity with basic facts frees up working memory for more complex problem-solving. Tutors use evidence-based strategies like spaced repetition and retrieval practice to build fluency efficiently, so your child can move forward with confidence.

The first session is about understanding where your child stands. A tutor will assess which subtraction concepts your child has mastered, where gaps exist, and what learning style works best. They'll work through a few problems together, ask questions to understand your child's thinking process, and identify whether challenges stem from fact fluency, regrouping, place value, or something else. This diagnostic foundation lets the tutor create a personalized plan focused on your child's specific needs rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.

Consistent, focused practice is key—but it should be purposeful, not just worksheets. Effective strategies include daily fact drills using flashcards or apps, playing math games that involve subtraction, and solving real-world problems like making change or comparing quantities. Spaced repetition (reviewing facts over time rather than cramming) strengthens memory retention. Your tutor can recommend specific practice activities tailored to your child's level and suggest a realistic daily practice schedule. Even 10-15 minutes of focused practice between sessions makes a measurable difference.

Look for tutors with strong foundational math knowledge, experience teaching elementary students, and familiarity with how subtraction is taught in Massachusetts schools. Tutors should understand the progression of subtraction concepts and be able to explain why students struggle, not just provide answers. They should also be patient, encouraging, and skilled at breaking complex ideas into manageable steps. Varsity Tutors connects you with experienced tutors who have a track record of helping students build both competence and confidence in math.

Improvement timelines vary depending on your child's starting point and how consistently they practice. Students with minor gaps often show noticeable progress within 3-4 weeks of regular tutoring, while those with deeper foundational issues may need 2-3 months to build solid understanding. Fluency improvements typically appear faster than conceptual breakthroughs. Consistent practice between sessions, realistic expectations, and a tutor who adjusts pacing to your child's learning speed all contribute to steady, sustainable progress. Your tutor will check in regularly and adjust the plan as needed.