The biggest challenge is regrouping (borrowing), which requires students to understand place value deeply and manage multi-step processes. Students often struggle with the conceptual "why" behind regrouping rather than just the mechanical steps. Another common issue is subtraction with zeros in the minuend, which adds complexity to the regrouping process. Anxiety around "getting it wrong" can also prevent students from attempting problems, making confidence-building an important part of learning.

Subtraction typically begins in kindergarten and first grade with concrete "take away" problems using small numbers (0-10). By second and third grade, students learn regrouping with two and three-digit numbers. Fourth grade introduces subtraction with larger numbers and decimals, while fifth grade extends to fractions and more complex multi-step problems. Understanding this progression helps identify exactly where a student's foundation may need strengthening.

Personalized 1-on-1 instruction allows tutors to identify whether a student's struggle stems from place value confusion, regrouping mechanics, or lack of confidence. Tutors can use targeted strategies—like visual models, manipulatives, or real-world contexts—tailored to how your child learns best. Regular practice with immediate feedback helps build both skill and confidence, which is especially valuable given Charlotte's average student-teacher ratio of 16.8:1 in traditional classrooms.

Effective practice combines conceptual understanding with procedural fluency through spaced repetition—reviewing previously learned material at increasing intervals to strengthen long-term retention. Students benefit from varied problem types (with and without regrouping, different number ranges) rather than repetitive drills of the same type. Real-world contexts like money, measurement, and story problems help students see why subtraction matters and reinforce understanding beyond abstract numbers.

The first session focuses on assessment and building rapport. A tutor will work through several subtraction problems with your child to identify specific strengths and gaps—whether the issue is with single-digit facts, regrouping, place value, or problem comprehension. This diagnostic approach helps create a personalized learning plan that targets your child's actual needs rather than generic instruction. You'll also discuss learning style preferences and goals for improvement.

Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who specialize in elementary math and subtraction instruction. You can share your child's grade level, specific challenges, and scheduling preferences, and we'll match you with a tutor experienced in helping Charlotte students build subtraction confidence and skills. The process is straightforward—most families begin their first session within days of connecting.

Many students show noticeable improvement in confidence and accuracy within 2-4 weeks of consistent tutoring, especially when sessions are weekly and students practice between meetings. Deeper mastery of regrouping and fluency typically develops over 2-3 months of regular instruction. The timeline depends on your child's starting point and how frequently you can meet, but personalized instruction accelerates progress compared to classroom-only instruction.