Many students struggle with regrouping (borrowing) in multi-digit subtraction, which requires understanding place value deeply. Other common hurdles include distinguishing between subtraction and addition, working with word problems that require identifying what to subtract, and managing frustration when mistakes happen. Personalized tutoring helps identify exactly where a student gets stuck and builds confidence through targeted practice.

Research on math learning shows that combining multiple approaches works best—using manipulatives (blocks, counters), drawing pictures, number lines, and eventually abstract algorithms. Starting with concrete models helps students visualize what subtraction means before moving to symbolic notation. Spaced repetition and regular practice with varied problem types also strengthen retention and build automaticity.

Word problems require students to translate language into mathematical operations, which is a distinct skill from computation itself. Encourage your child to identify key information, draw or act out the problem, and explain what they're solving for before calculating. Tutors specializing in subtraction can teach systematic strategies for breaking down word problems and recognizing when subtraction is the right operation to use.

Regrouping (or borrowing) requires students to understand that 10 ones equals 1 ten, and to mentally regroup numbers—a complex abstract skill. Many students memorize the steps without understanding why regrouping is necessary, leading to careless errors. Expert tutors break this concept down using visual models and place value blocks, helping students grasp the "why" before mastering the "how."

Once your child can consistently solve single-digit subtraction problems and understands basic regrouping with two-digit numbers, they're typically ready to progress. Signs of readiness include explaining their thinking process, solving problems with fewer errors, and showing confidence rather than frustration. A tutor can assess your child's current level and create a personalized progression plan that builds skills at the right pace.

Consistent, focused practice is more effective than occasional cramming—research on learning science supports regular, spaced practice over time. Most students benefit from 3-4 practice sessions per week, each 15-30 minutes depending on age and focus level. Tutors can design practice schedules that fit your family's routine and adjust intensity based on progress, ensuring your child stays engaged without becoming overwhelmed.

Varsity Tutors matches you with expert tutors who specialize in elementary math and subtraction instruction. After learning about your child's learning style, current level, and goals, we connect you with a tutor whose teaching approach fits your needs. You can start with a single session to see if it's a good fit, then adjust frequency and focus based on your child's progress.