The AP exam consists of a 3-hour multiple-choice and free-response section. You'll encounter 45 multiple-choice questions focused on reading comprehension and rhetorical analysis, followed by three essays: a rhetorical analysis essay, an argument essay, and a synthesis essay. Time management is critical—you'll need to read passages carefully, analyze rhetoric, and write three well-developed essays within the time limit.

Many students struggle with distinguishing between rhetorical devices and understanding their purpose in a text, rather than just identifying them. Others find the timed essay writing challenging—balancing thorough analysis with clear, concise writing under pressure. Additionally, some students underestimate the multiple-choice section, which requires careful reading and understanding of nuanced rhetorical strategies, not just surface-level comprehension.

Score improvement depends on your starting point and commitment level. Students who work consistently with a tutor on essay structure, rhetorical analysis skills, and timed practice typically see meaningful gains—often 1-2 score points over a semester. The key is targeted practice: identifying your specific weaknesses (whether it's essay organization, identifying rhetoric, or pacing), then drilling those skills with feedback from someone who knows the exam format inside and out.

Strong AP essays require a clear thesis, organized body paragraphs with specific evidence, and sophisticated analysis—not just summary. Practice writing under timed conditions to build speed and confidence, focus on using precise language and varied sentence structure, and learn to integrate quotes smoothly rather than dropping them in awkwardly. Working with a tutor who can review your drafts, identify patterns in your writing, and provide targeted feedback on thesis strength and evidence integration can accelerate improvement significantly.

Rhetorical analysis requires moving beyond naming devices to explaining their effect on the audience and purpose. Start by reading passages actively, annotating for rhetorical choices, and asking "Why did the author make this choice?" rather than just "What device is this?" Practice analyzing a variety of texts—speeches, advertisements, essays, articles—to recognize patterns. Regular practice with feedback helps you develop the analytical vocabulary and critical thinking skills needed to write strong rhetorical analysis essays under timed conditions.

Your first session is diagnostic and goal-focused. A tutor will likely assess your current skill level by reviewing past essays or having you complete a practice prompt, discuss your target score and timeline, and identify your specific areas for improvement—whether that's essay structure, rhetorical analysis, or test-taking speed. From there, you'll develop a personalized study plan that addresses your weaknesses and builds on your strengths.

St. Louis has 40 schools across 9 districts serving over 13,000 students, many of whom are taking AP English Language. While school-based AP prep is valuable, personalized 1-on-1 instruction allows you to focus on your specific challenges at your own pace. Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who specialize in AP English Language and understand the exam's demands, providing targeted support beyond what classroom instruction alone can offer.